“This number of measurements is an analogy to the number of errors a computer can take and still function properly.” “Like water molecules about to become vapor, there is a threshold of measurements that a quantum computer can withstand before it loses its quantum information,” Noel said. Even with additional qubits observing things, the more a quantum algorithm searches for errors, the more likely it is to fail. But Quantum Systems They lose their “quantity” when measured, monitoring for errors is a difficult task. Some qubits will inevitably lose some information, and the system should be able to detect and fix these errors. One of the many challenges this presents is error correction. However, qubits must be able to maintain their quantum frequency until a solution is reached. This allows them to tackle a problem through massive parallelism, such as trying to fit puzzle pieces together at once instead of one at a time. The strength of quantum computers lies in the ability of their qubits to be a mixture of both 1 and 0 at the same time, with the system’s complexity growing exponentially as more qubits are added. “A quantum computing system behaves in the same way as quantum systems in nature – like turning a liquid into a vapor – even though it is digital.” “There are deep connections between phases of matter and quantum theorysaid Crystal Noel, assistant professor in the Department of Electrical and the computer Engineering and Physics at Duke. In a similar way, a quantum computing system can be processed incrementally in discrete time steps until its quantum state collapses into a single solution. When water is heated to a boil, the movement of molecules develops as the temperature changes until it reaches a critical point When it starts to turn into steam. The results appeared online June 3 in the journal Nature Physics.
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The results also provide guidance for computer scientists work on implementation Quantum Error Correction which will eventually enable quantum computers to reach their full potential. Researchers at Duke University and the University of Maryland used the frequency of measurements on a quantum computer to get a glimpse into the quantum phenomena of phase changes - something similar to water turning into steam.īy measuring the number of operations that can be performed on a quantum computing system without causing its quantum state to collapse, researchers have gained insight into how other systems - both natural and computational - meet their tipping points between phases.
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